{"id":125,"date":"2025-11-14T19:01:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T19:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/?page_id=125"},"modified":"2025-11-15T12:29:01","modified_gmt":"2025-11-15T12:29:01","slug":"publications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/publications\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"125\" class=\"elementor elementor-125\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a762bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a762bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 2600 131.1\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.5\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.25\" d=\"M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cd442e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0cd442e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6859f91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6859f91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">My Publications<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c84a898 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c84a898\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>You can also find my articles on my <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=Deg6NssAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr&amp;oi=ao\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Scholar profile<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6a305d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b6a305d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5133e0a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5133e0a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2276f6a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2276f6a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-823f0f6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"823f0f6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6d4f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf6d4f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/turn-up-the-light-radiative-efficiency-of-protostars-at-birth\/\">Turn up the light: Radiative efficiency of protostars at birth<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15ecc85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"15ecc85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics<\/i>, 2025<\/p><p>This letter provides a self-consistent measurement of the radiative efficiency of protostellar shock fronts.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Asmita Bhandare, Adnan Ali Ahmad, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, A&amp;A, 702, L7 (2025)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c9f48f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8c9f48f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01b938c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"01b938c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2025A%26A...702L...7B\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6ca908 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c6ca908\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/turn-up-the-light-radiative-efficiency-of-protostars-at-birth\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3462d2b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3462d2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f39713 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f39713\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2783ae8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2783ae8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bad372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3bad372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adnan-ali-ahmad.github.io\/\/publication\/2025-10-01-Brown-Dwarf-Formation-through-Gravitational-Collapse-Insights-from-3D-Numerical-Simulations\">Brown Dwarf Formation through Gravitational Collapse: Insights from 3D Numerical Simulations<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e43aaff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e43aaff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters<\/i>, 2025<\/p><p>This letter presents the first 3D self-consistent simulations of brown dwarf born through isolated gravitational collapse.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Adnan Ali Ahmad, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, Gilles Chabrier, and Antonin Borderies, ApJL 991 L32 (2025)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63840ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63840ec\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a502f6 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6a502f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2025ApJ...991L..32A\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08feb7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"08feb7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/brown-dwarf-formation-through-gravitational-collapse-insights-from-3d-numerical-simulations\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ec26b9 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0ec26b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4b1225 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d4b1225\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-375c81d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"375c81d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d00751 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d00751\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adnan-ali-ahmad.github.io\/\/publication\/2025-04-01-Birth-of-magnetized-low-mass-protostars-and-circumstellar-disks\">Birth of magnetized low-mass protostars and circumstellar disks<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c58b193 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c58b193\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics<\/i>, 2025<\/p><p>This paper studies the birth of a magnetized protostar and circumstellar disk at sub-AU scales using 3D non-ideal MHD simulations.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Adnan Ali Ahmad, Mathias Gonz\u00e1lez, Patrick Hennebelle, Ugo Lebreuilly, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, A&amp;A, 696, A238 (2025)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b5541f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b5541f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1272a97 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1272a97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2025A%26A...696A.238A\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42fddf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"42fddf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/birth-of-magnetized-low-mass-protostars-and-circumstellar-disks\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54ebcb1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"54ebcb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d9f607 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d9f607\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18d2bb8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18d2bb8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82d70c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"82d70c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adnan-ali-ahmad.github.io\/\/publication\/2024-11-01-Formation-and-evolution-of-a-protoplanetary-disk-Combining-observations-simulations-and-cosmochemical-constraints\">Formation and evolution of a protoplanetary disk: Combining observations, simulations, and cosmochemical constraints<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e65938f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e65938f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics<\/i>, 2024<\/p><p>This review incorporates cosmochemical constraints into a coherent model for the formation and evolution of the protosolar disk.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Morbidelli et al., A&amp;A, 691, A147 (2024)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff2bb11 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff2bb11\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f2814f elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1f2814f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2024A%26A...691A.147M\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fcdde9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3fcdde9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/formation-and-evolution-of-a-protoplanetary-disk-combining-observations-simulations-and-cosmochemical-constraints\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37056af elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"37056af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b65c343 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b65c343\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00248dd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"00248dd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e1392 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23e1392\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adnan-ali-ahmad.github.io\/\/publication\/2024-07-01-Formation-of-low-mass-protostars-and-their-circumstellar-disks\">Formation of low-mass protostars and their circumstellar disks<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a02667 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a02667\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics<\/i>, 2024<\/p><p>This paper studies the birth of circumstellar disks at sub-AU scales using 3D RHD simulations with unprecedented detail.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Adnan Ali Ahmad, Mathias Gonz\u00e1lez, Patrick Hennebelle, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, A&amp;A, 687, A90 (2024)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92566a7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"92566a7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3376fc1 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3376fc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2024A%26A...687A..90A\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-977dfe4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"977dfe4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/formation-of-low-mass-protostars-and-their-circumstellar-disks\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d041d4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3d041d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a85499 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a85499\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c23e7ab e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c23e7ab\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e34d2cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e34d2cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adnan-ali-ahmad.github.io\/\/publication\/2023-12-01-The-birth-and-early-evolution-of-a-low-mass-protostar\">The birth and early evolution of a low-mass protostar<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49b560d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49b560d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published in\u00a0<i>Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics<\/i>, 2023<\/p><p>This paper presents the highest-resolution 3D RHD simulations of protostellar interiors to date, revealing their internal turbulent structure.<\/p><p>Recommended citation: Adnan Ali Ahmad, Mathias Gonz\u00e1lez, Patrick Hennebelle, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, A&amp;A 680, A23 (2023)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bad1a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8bad1a3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c69c92d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c69c92d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2023A%26A...680A..23A\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-file-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224 136V0H24C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24v464c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h336c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V160H248c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm76.45 211.36l-96.42 95.7c-6.65 6.61-17.39 6.61-24.04 0l-96.42-95.7C73.42 337.29 80.54 320 94.82 320H160v-80c0-8.84 7.16-16 16-16h32c8.84 0 16 7.16 16 16v80h65.18c14.28 0 21.4 17.29 11.27 27.36zM377 105L279.1 7c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H256v128h128v-6.1c0-6.3-2.5-12.4-7-16.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d674367 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d674367\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/15\/the-birth-and-early-evolution-of-a-low-mass-protostar\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>My Publications You can also find my articles on my Google Scholar profile. Turn up the light: Radiative efficiency of protostars at birth Published in\u00a0Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics, 2025 This letter provides a self-consistent measurement of the radiative efficiency of protostellar shock fronts. Recommended citation: Asmita Bhandare, Adnan Ali Ahmad, Beno\u00eet Commer\u00e7on, A&amp;A, 702, L7 (2025) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-125","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":347,"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions\/347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astroadnan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}